French

Build a theme glossary (high-frequency vocabulary)

Use authentic sources for Theme 1 (press, radio, podcasts, reports)

Opinion and argument language for social themes (agree, disagree, nuance)

Link examples to at least one French-speaking country (case-study method)

Marriage, PACS and cohabitation: comparing models

Divorce and separation: causes, impacts, vocabulary

Monoparentalité: challenges and support

Homoparentalité: rights, debates and social attitudes

Familles recomposées: relationships, roles and tensions

Gender roles in the family: change and continuity

Intergenerational relationships: solidarité vs conflits

Work-life balance and its effect on family life

Family policy in France: allocations, congé parental, crèches

Writing about family trends using statistics and examples

Speaking: developing a viewpoint on la famille moderne

Social media habits: advantages and drawbacks

Smartphones and daily life: convenience and dependence

Online shopping and services: how tech facilitates life

Teleworking and digital learning: opportunities and problems

E-health and digital public services: access and efficiency

Digital divide: exclusion by age, income, region

Privacy and data: surveillance, tracking, consent

Cyberbullying and online harassment: causes and solutions

Screen addiction: mental health and concentration

Fake news and online manipulation: recognising bias

Cybercrime basics: scams, identity theft, prevention

Debate skills: balancing innovation vs risks

Who volunteers and why? motivations and profiles

Associations in France: how they operate (basic structure)

Value for recipients: practical and emotional benefits

Value for volunteers: skills, wellbeing, social cohesion

Criticisms of volunteering: does it replace the state?

Volunteering and employability: CV language and examples

Volunteering and community integration (including migrants)

Organising a volunteering campaign: persuasive language

Writing an article: promoting volunteering to young people

Speaking: answering unpredictable questions on bénévolat

Use contemporary examples safely (generalise without overclaiming)

Build evaluation: causes → effects → solutions

Enrichment of multiculturalism: food, arts, language

Diversity in education and workplaces: benefits and challenges

Tolerance and respect: how attitudes are shaped

Racism and discrimination vocabulary (neutral, exam-safe phrasing)

Laïcité and identity debates: explaining viewpoints

Integration vs assimilation: comparing concepts

Policies promoting equality and inclusion: how to evaluate

Media representation of diversity: analysing bias

Personal stories vs statistics: using evidence in arguments

Writing a balanced paragraph on les avantages de la diversité

Speaking: defending a nuanced view under challenge

Homelessness: causes, realities, support structures

Poverty and social exclusion: vocabulary and frameworks

Migrants and sans-papiers: issues and public debate language

Disability and accessibility: inclusion and barriers

Elderly people and isolation: impacts and solutions

Youth marginalisation: education, employment, discrimination

What help exists? charities, shelters, state support

Evaluate effectiveness of support: what works and why

Public attitudes: empathy, stigma, indifference

Writing: propose solutions with justification

Speaking: respond to ethical questions about support

Causes of crime: social, economic, psychological factors

Prison aims: punishment, deterrence, rehabilitation

Prison realities: overcrowding, reintegration challenges

Prison: failure or success? building evaluation

Recidivism and reintegration: employment and stigma

Alternatives to prison: fines, community service, electronic tagging

Restorative justice: principles and limits

Youth justice approaches: prevention and education

Media influence on crime perception: analysing headlines

Writing: for/against conclusion on prison reform

Speaking: handle moral and political tensions diplomatically

Use cultural examples (music, film, heritage) as evidence

La musique francophone contemporaine

Cinéma : le septième art

Iconic heritage sites and symbols: describing significance

Heritage and identity: how heritage reflects culture

Preserving heritage: funding, restoration, controversies

UNESCO recognition: why it matters

Heritage beyond monuments: gastronomy, traditions, language

Regional identities in France: showcasing diversity

Heritage and tourism: economic benefits

Tourism pressures: overtourism and authenticity debates

Sustainable tourism solutions: evaluating policies

Writing: analyse patrimoine with a critical viewpoint

Speaking: use heritage examples to support arguments

Main genres: rap, pop, chanson, electro (core vocabulary)

Music as identity and social commentary: lyric themes

Who listens and why? age, culture, social media influence

Music industry changes: streaming and algorithms

Festivals and live music: cultural and economic role

Protecting French-language music: quotas and debates

Piracy and artist pay: evaluating fairness

Global success of francophone artists: opportunities and limits

Music and politics: protest songs and activism

Writing: a critique of modern music trends

Speaking: defend a musical preference with reasons

French cinema as a national passion: audience and identity

Major milestones in French cinema history (overview)

The New Wave (Nouvelle Vague): why it mattered (high-level)

Film funding in France: role of the state and institutions

Film festivals (Cannes etc.): influence and prestige

Cinema vs streaming platforms: culture and competition

Representation in film: diversity, stereotypes, realism

Film review writing: structure and evaluative language

Speaking: discuss cinema’s impact on society

Film techniques vocabulary (camera, editing, sound)

Making comparisons between films and themes

Manifestations, grèves – à qui le pouvoir ?

La politique et l’immigration

For vs against votes at 16: building a balanced case

Youth political engagement: activism, campaigns, online movements

Why some teenagers are disengaged: apathy and distrust

Political education: role of school and media

Social media and politics: mobilisation vs misinformation

Youth issues driving engagement: environment, inequality, identity

Measuring engagement: turnout, membership, protest participation

Future of politics: predicting trends with justification

Writing: discursive essay plan on youth voting

Speaking: sustain debate under examiner challenge

Why strikes happen: triggers and grievances

Are strikes effective? short-term vs long-term impact

Demonstrations as democratic expression: arguments and counters

Public opinion: support, fatigue, polarisation

Government responses: negotiation, reform, policing

Media framing of protests: bias and perspective language

Social movements case-study approach: present examples

Compare protest cultures across francophone contexts (broadly)

Writing: evaluate who holds power using examples

Speaking: handle controversial questions diplomatically

Political responses to immigration: policy categories

Asylum, borders, integration: key policy areas

Parties and immigration: describe positions without caricature

Immigration and identity debates: structure an evaluation

Integration policies: language, education, employment

Discrimination and social cohesion: link to Theme 1 issues

Political engagement among immigrants: participation and barriers

Media narratives and campaigns: analysing rhetoric

Writing: propose and evaluate policy responses

Speaking: defend nuanced views with evidence

Complex sentence building: connectors, clauses, register

Manipulate grammar for AO3 across writing and speaking

Singular/plural formation (including tricky endings)

Definite vs indefinite articles in context

Partitive articles and de after negatives/quantities

Position changes meaning (ancien, grand, propre, etc.)

Comparative and superlative structures

Adjectives used as nouns (le jeune, les riches)

Demonstrative adjectives (ce, cet, cette, ces)

Indefinite adjectives (chaque, même, autre, quelque)

Possessive adjectives (mon, ma, mes etc.) and tricky cases

Interrogative/exclamatory adjectives (quel…!)

Ordinal numbers and common uses

Telling the time and discussing schedules

Dates and years: formal writing conventions

Comparative/superlative adverbs

Interrogative adverbs (comment, où, quand, pourquoi, combien)

Intensifiers and quantifiers (très, trop, assez, la plupart, etc.)

Precision in data description (presque, environ, à peu près)

Direct object pronouns (le, la, les) in exam-style sentences

Indirect object pronouns (lui, leur) and common errors

Double pronoun order (me/te/se + le/la/les + lui/leur + y + en)

Disjunctive pronouns and emphasis (moi-même, toi, eux)

Reflexive pronouns and pronominal verbs

Relative pronouns (qui, que, dont, lequel) and correct choice

Demonstrative pronouns (celui/celle/ceux/celles + -ci/-là)

Indefinite pronouns (quelqu’un, quelque chose, chacun)

Possessive pronouns (le mien etc.)

Interrogative pronouns (qui, que, quoi)

Using y correctly

Using en correctly

Core irregular verbs set for A-level accuracy

Reflexive verb formation and agreement

Subject–verb agreement at speed (speaking fluency)

Il y a and idiomatic time phrases

Tu vs vous: choosing register appropriately

Impersonal verbs (il faut, il semble, il s’agit de…)

Verbs followed by infinitive: with/without prepositions

Perfect infinitive (après avoir/être…)

Negatives (ne…pas/jamais/plus/que/rien/personne) in complex sentences

Question forms (est-ce que, inversion, intonation) by register

Present tense for analysis and commentary

Perfect tense and past participle agreement (avoir/être)

Imperfect vs perfect: narrative vs description

Future and conditional for prediction and hypotheses

Pluperfect for earlier past and contrast

Future perfect and conditional perfect for speculation

Past historic (receptive): recognising it in texts

Present participle (en + -ant) for linking actions

Passive voice (present; recognising other tenses)

Subjunctive present: triggers and common structures

Verbal paraphrases (aller + inf, venir de + inf): nuance and time

Passive voice in all tenses: active ↔ passive transformations

Subjunctive perfect: prior action and emotion/judgement

Subjunctive imperfect (receptive): recognising in literature

Inversion after adverbs: formality and accuracy in writing

Write a critical essay introduction (context + line of argument)

Build analytical paragraphs (point, evidence, analysis, link)

Quote and reference without memorised quotations

Themes and issues: identifying examiner-rewarded concepts

Technique analysis: voice, structure, symbolism, tone

Film technique analysis: camera, sound, editing, mise-en-scène

Compare interpretations and evaluate viewpoints

Plan 300-word essays efficiently (timed plan routine)

Character arcs and relationships: track change

Key themes: build a theme bank with examples

Context: link society/history when relevant

Style and technique: effects of author choices

Typical essay question types: adapt your argument

Revision method: flash themes → examples → analysis phrases

Character portrayal: casting, dialogue, body language

Social and cultural context: how film reflects society

Visual storytelling: shot types and effects

Soundtrack and sound design: mood and meaning

Editing and pacing: tension, realism, focus

Typical essay question types: themes vs techniques

Revision method: scene bank with technique + interpretation

Candide: satire, optimism and society

Boule de Suif et autres contes: war, morality, social judgement

L’étranger: absurdity, alienation and society

Bonjour tristesse: youth, freedom and consequences

Elise ou la vraie vie: work, class and identity

Un sac de billes: childhood, war and survival

Kiffe kiffe demain: identity, society and humour

Un secret: memory, family and trauma

No et moi: marginalisation, friendship and society